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	Download	PDF (Español)	Chapter Handout	Figures	Slides
Report Downloads	Full Report	-	-		-
	Overview		-
	Report in Brief	-	-	-	-
Chapter Downloads	Front Matter		-		-
	1: Overview		-
	2: Climate Trends
	3: Earth Systems Processes
	4: Water
	5: Energy Supply, Delivery, and Demand
	6: Land Cover and Land-Use Change
	7: Forests
	8: Ecosystems, Ecosystem Services, and Biodiversity
	9: Coastal Effects
	10: Ocean Ecosystems and Marine Resources
	11: Agriculture, Food Systems, and Rural Communities
	12: Built Environment, Urban Systems, and Cities
	13: Transportation
	14: Air Quality
	15: Human Health
	16: Tribes and Indigenous Peoples
	17: Climate Effects on US International Interests
	18: Sector Interactions, Multiple Stressors, and Complex Systems
	19: Economics
	20: Social Systems and Justice
	21: Northeast
	22: Southeast
	23: US Caribbean
	24: Midwest
	25: Northern Great Plains
	26: Southern Great Plains
	27: Northwest
	28: Southwest
	29: Alaska
	30: Hawai'i and US-Affiliated Pacific Islands
	31: Adaptation
	32: Mitigation
Focus On
	F1: Compound Events		-		-
	F2: Western Wildfires		-		-
	F3: COVID-19 and Climate Change		-		-
	F4: Risks to Supply Chains		-		-
	F5: Blue Carbon		-		-
Appendices
	A1: Assessment Development Process		-		-
	A2: Information Quality		-	-	-
	A3: Scenarios and Datasets		-		-
	A4: Indicators		-
	A5: Glossary	-	-	-	-
Public Reviews	Public Comments and Author Responses for the Zero Order Draft	-	-	-	-
	Public Comments and Author Responses for the Third Order Draft	-	-	-	-
	Review by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine	-	-	-	-
	Narrative Response to the Academies Review	-	-	-	-
	Author Responses to National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine	-	-	-	-
Other Materials	Information Quality Guidance	-	-	-	-
	Implementation of Federal Guidelines and Best Practices for Highly Influential Scientific Assessments in the Fifth National Climate Assessment	-	-	-	-
	Information Quality Act Certification	-	-	-	-
	Selection Process for Downscaled Climate Projection Data in the Fifth National Climate Assessment	-	-	-	-
Errata	Errata	-	-	-	-

Likelihood

Virtually Certain	Very Likely	Likely	As Likely as Not	Unlikely	Very Unikely	Exceptionally Unlikely
99%–100%	90%–100%	66%–100%	33%–66%	0%–33%	0%–10%	0%–1%

Confidence Level

Very High	High	Medium	Low
Strong evidence (established theory, multiple sources, well-documented and accepted methods, etc.) High consensus	Moderate evidence (several sources, some consistency, methods vary and/or documentation limited, etc.) Medium consensus	Suggestive evidence (a few sources, limited consistency, methods emerging, etc.) Competing schools of thought	Inconclusive evidence (limited sources, extrapolations, inconsistent findings, poor documentation and/or methods not tested, etc.) Disagreement or lack of opinions among experts

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